【STM32】5—UART串口（中断模式）

0 实验预期效果

        完成串口数据的接收和发送

1 相关原理图

2 软件配置 

        STM32CubeMX配置USART1：      

        在NVIC中配置USART中断优先级：

3 代码编写        

        3.1 函数认识

        见博客【STM32】HAL库学习 2—hal_uart_kokoのadventure的博客-CSDN博客

        3.1.1 串口发送

/**

  * @brief  Sends an amount of data in non blocking mode.

  * @note   When UART parity is not enabled (PCE = 0), and Word Length is configured to 9 bits (M1-M0 = 01),

  *         the sent data is handled as a set of u16. In this case, Size must indicate the number

  *         of u16 provided through pData.

  * @param  huart Pointer to a UART_HandleTypeDef structure that contains

  *               the configuration information for the specified UART module.

  * @param  pData Pointer to data buffer (u8 or u16 data elements).

  * @param  Size  Amount of data elements (u8 or u16) to be sent

  * @retval HAL status

  */

HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Transmit_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, const uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)

        3.1.2 串口接收 

/**

  * @brief  Receives an amount of data in non blocking mode.

  * @note   When UART parity is not enabled (PCE = 0), and Word Length is configured to 9 bits (M1-M0 = 01),

  *         the received data is handled as a set of u16. In this case, Size must indicate the number

  *         of u16 available through pData.

  * @param  huart Pointer to a UART_HandleTypeDef structure that contains

  *               the configuration information for the specified UART module.

  * @param  pData Pointer to data buffer (u8 or u16 data elements).

  * @param  Size  Amount of data elements (u8 or u16) to be received.

  * @retval HAL status

  */

HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Receive_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)

         3.1.3 中断回调函数

/**

  * @brief  Rx Transfer completed callbacks.

  * @param  huart  Pointer to a UART_HandleTypeDef structure that contains

  *                the configuration information for the specified UART module.

  * @retval None

  */

__weak void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)

{

  /* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */

  UNUSED(huart);

  /* NOTE: This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,

           the HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback could be implemented in the user file

   */

}

        3.2 代码编写

        3.2.1 定义发送和接收缓冲区

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

uint8_t hello[] = "USART1 is ready...n";

uint8_t recv_buf[13] = {0};

/* USER CODE END 0 */

        3.2.2 重新实现中断回调函数

        HAL中弱定义了一个中断回调函数 HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback， 我们需要在用户文件中重新定义该函数，放在哪都可以，这里我放在 main.c 中：

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* 中断回调函数 */

void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)

{

/* 判断是哪个串口触发的中断 */

if(huart ->Instance == USART1)

{

//将接收到的数据发送

HAL_UART_Transmit_IT(huart, (uint8_t*)recv_buf, 13);

//重新使能串口接收中断

HAL_UART_Receive_IT(huart, (uint8_t*)recv_buf, 13);

}

}

/* USER CODE END 4 */

        3.2.3 修改main函数

int main(void)

{

  HAL_Init();

  SystemClock_Config();

  MX_GPIO_Init();

  MX_USART1_UART_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  //使能串口中断接收

  HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)recv_buf, 13);

  //发送提示信息

  HAL_UART_Transmit_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)hello, sizeof(hello));

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  while (1)

  {

  }

}

4 实验结果