开发环境
主 机:VMWare--Fedora 9
开发板:Mini2440--64MB Nand, Kernel:2.6.30.4
编译器:arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2
上接:S3C2440上LCD驱动(FrameBuffer)实例开发详解(一)
四、帧缓冲(FrameBuffer)设备驱动实例代码:
#include
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/*FrameBuffer设备名称*/
static char driver_name[] = "my2440_lcd";
/*定义一个结构体用来维护驱动程序中各函数中用到的变量
先别看结构体要定义这些成员,到各函数使用的地方就明白了*/
struct my2440fb_var
{
int lcd_irq_no; /*保存LCD中断号*/
struct clk *lcd_clock;/*保存从平台时钟队列中获取的LCD时钟*/
struct resource *lcd_mem;/*LCD的IO空间*/
void __iomem *lcd_base;/*LCD的IO空间映射到虚拟地址*/
struct device *dev;
struct s3c2410fb_hw regs;/*表示5个LCD配置寄存器,s3c2410fb_hw定义在mach-s3c2410/include/mach/fb.h中*/
/*定义一个数组来充当调色板。
据数据手册描述,TFT屏色位模式为8BPP时,调色板(颜色表)的长度为256,调色板起始地址为0x4D000400*/
u32 palette_buffer[256];
u32 pseudo_pal[16];
unsigned int palette_ready;/*标识调色板是否准备好了*/
};
/*用做清空调色板(颜色表)*/
#define PALETTE_BUFF_CLEAR (0x80000000)
/*LCD平台驱动结构体,平台驱动结构体定义在platform_device.h中,该结构体成员接口函数在第②步中实现*/
static struct platform_driver lcd_fb_driver =
{
.probe = lcd_fb_probe, /*FrameBuffer设备探测*/
.remove= __devexit_p(lcd_fb_remove),/*FrameBuffer设备移除*/
.suspend = lcd_fb_suspend, /*FrameBuffer设备挂起*/
.resume = lcd_fb_resume,/*FrameBuffer设备恢复*/
.driver =
{
/*注意这里的名称一定要和系统中定义平台设备的地方一致,这样才能把平台设备与该平台设备的驱动关联起来*/
.name = "s3c2410-lcd",
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
},
};
static int __init lcd_init(void)
{
/*在Linux中,帧缓冲设备被看做是平台设备,所以这里注册平台设备*/
return platform_driver_register(&lcd_fb_driver);
}
static void __exit lcd_exit(void)
{
/*注销平台设备*/
platform_driver_unregister(&lcd_fb_driver);
}
module_init(lcd_init);
module_exit(lcd_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Huang Gang");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("My2440 LCD FrameBuffer Driver");
/*LCD FrameBuffer设备探测的实现,注意这里使用一个__devinit宏,到lcd_fb_remove接口函数实现的地方讲解*/
static int __devinit lcd_fb_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
int i;
int ret;
struct resource *res;/*用来保存从LCD平台设备中获取的LCD资源*/
struct fb_info *fbinfo;/*FrameBuffer驱动所对应的fb_info结构体*/
struct s3c2410fb_mach_info *mach_info;/*保存从内核中获取的平台设备数据*/
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar;/*上面定义的驱动程序全局变量结构体*/
struct s3c2410fb_display *display;/*LCD屏的配置信息结构体,该结构体定义在mach-s3c2410/include/mach/fb.h中*/
/*获取LCD硬件相关信息数据,在前面讲过内核使用s3c24xx_fb_set_platdata函数将LCD的硬件相关信息保存到
了LCD平台数据中,所以这里我们就从平台数据中取出来在驱动中使用*/
mach_info = pdev->dev.platform_data;
if(mach_info == NULL)
{
/*判断获取数据是否成功*/
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "no platform data for lcd\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
/*获得在内核中定义的FrameBuffer平台设备的LCD配置信息结构体数据*/
display = mach_info->displays + mach_info->default_display;
/*给fb_info分配空间,大小为my2440fb_var结构的内存,framebuffer_alloc定义在fb.h中在fbsysfs.c中实现*/
fbinfo = framebuffer_alloc(sizeof(struct my2440fb_var), &pdev->dev);
if(!fbinfo)
{
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "framebuffer alloc of registers failed\n");
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto err_noirq;
}
platform_set_drvdata(pdev, fbinfo);/*重新将LCD平台设备数据设置为fbinfo,好在后面的一些函数中来使用*/
/*这里的用途其实就是将fb_info的成员par(注意是一个void类型的指针)指向这里的私有变量结构体fbvar,
目的是到其他接口函数中再取出fb_info的成员par,从而能继续使用这里的私有变量*/
fbvar = fbinfo->par;
fbvar->dev = &pdev->dev;
/*在系统定义的LCD平台设备资源中获取LCD中断号,platform_get_irq定义在platform_device.h中*/
fbvar->lcd_irq_no = platform_get_irq(pdev, 0);
if(fbvar->lcd_irq_no < 0)
{
/*判断获取中断号是否成功*/
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "no lcd irq for platform\n");
return -ENOENT;
}
/*获取LCD平台设备所使用的IO端口资源,注意这个IORESOURCE_MEM标志和LCD平台设备定义中的一致*/
res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
if(res == NULL)
{
/*判断获取资源是否成功*/
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to get memory region resource\n");
return -ENOENT;
}
/*申请LCD IO端口所占用的IO空间(注意理解IO空间和内存空间的区别),request_mem_region定义在ioport.h中*/
fbvar->lcd_mem = request_mem_region(res->start, res->end - res->start + 1, pdev->name);
if(fbvar->lcd_mem == NULL)
{
/*判断申请IO空间是否成功*/
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to reserve memory region\n");
return -ENOENT;
}
/*将LCD的IO端口占用的这段IO空间映射到内存的虚拟地址,ioremap定义在io.h中
注意:IO空间要映射后才能使用,以后对虚拟地址的操作就是对IO空间的操作*/
fbvar->lcd_base = ioremap(res->start, res->end - res->start + 1);
if(fbvar->lcd_base == NULL)
{
/*判断映射虚拟地址是否成功*/
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "ioremap() of registers failed\n");
ret = -EINVAL;
goto err_nomem;
}
/*从平台时钟队列中获取LCD的时钟,这里为什么要取得这个时钟,从LCD屏的时序图上看,各种控制信号的延迟
都跟LCD的时钟有关。系统的一些时钟定义在arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/s3c2410-clock.c中*/
fbvar->lcd_clock = clk_get(NULL, "lcd");
if(!fbvar->lcd_clock)
{
/*判断获取时钟是否成功*/
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to find lcd clock source\n");
ret = -ENOENT;
goto err_nomap;
}
/*时钟获取后要使能后才可以使用,clk_enable定义在arch/arm/plat-s3c/clock.c中*/
clk_enable(fbvar->lcd_clock);
/*申请LCD中断服务,上面获取的中断号lcd_fb_irq,使用快速中断方式:IRQF_DISABLED
中断服务程序为:lcd_fb_irq,将LCD平台设备pdev做参数传递过去了*/
ret = request_irq(fbvar->lcd_irq_no, lcd_fb_irq, IRQF_DISABLED, pdev->name, fbvar);
if(ret)
{
/*判断申请中断服务是否成功*/
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "IRQ%d error %d\n", fbvar->lcd_irq_no, ret);
ret = -EBUSY;
goto err_noclk;
}
/*好了,以上是对要使用的资源进行了获取和设置。下面就开始初始化填充fb_info结构体*/
/*首先初始化fb_info中代表LCD固定参数的结构体fb_fix_screeninfo*/
/*像素值与显示内存的映射关系有5种,定义在fb.h中。现在采用FB_TYPE_PACKED_PIXELS方式,在该方式下,
像素值与内存直接对应,比如在显示内存某单元写入一个"1"时,该单元对应的像素值也将是"1",这使得应用层
把显示内存映射到用户空间变得非常方便。Linux中当LCD为TFT屏时,显示驱动管理显示内存就是基于这种方式*/
;/*字符串形式的标识符*/
fbinfo->fix.type = FB_TYPE_PACKED_PIXELS;
fbinfo->fix.type_aux = 0;/*以下这些根据fb_fix_screeninfo定义中的描述,当没有硬件是都设为0*/
fbinfo->fix.xpanstep = 0;
fbinfo->fix.ypanstep = 0;
fbinfo->fix.ywrapstep= 0;
fbinfo->fix.accel = FB_ACCEL_NONE;
/*接着,再初始化fb_info中代表LCD可变参数的结构体fb_var_screeninfo*/
fbinfo->var.nonstd = 0;
fbinfo->var.activate = FB_ACTIVATE_NOW;
fbinfo->var.accel_flags = 0;
fbinfo->var.vmode = FB_VMODE_NONINTERLACED;
fbinfo->var.xres = display->xres;
fbinfo->var.yres = display->yres;
fbinfo->var.bits_per_pixel = display->bpp;
/*指定对底层硬件操作的函数指针, 因内容较多故其定义在第③步中再讲*/
fbinfo->fbops = &my2440fb_ops;
fbinfo->flags = FBINFO_FLAG_DEFAULT;
fbinfo->pseudo_palette = &fbvar->pseudo_pal;
fbinfo->flags = FBINFO_FLAG_DEFAULT;
fbinfo->pseudo_palette = &fbvar->pseudo_pal;
/*初始化色调色板(颜色表)为空*/
for(i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
fbvar->palette_buffer[i] = PALETTE_BUFF_CLEAR;
}
for (i = 0; i < mach_info->num_displays; i++) /*fb缓存的长度*/
{
/*计算FrameBuffer缓存的最大大小,这里右移3位(即除以8)是因为色位模式BPP是以位为单位*/
unsigned long smem_len = (mach_info->displays[i].xres * mach_info->displays[i].yres * mach_info->displays[i].bpp) >> 3;
if(fbinfo->fix.smem_len < smem_len)
{
fbinfo->fix.smem_len = smem_len;
}
}
/*初始化LCD控制器之前要延迟一段时间*/
msleep(1);
/*初始化完fb_info后,开始对LCD各寄存器进行初始化,其定义在后面讲到*/
my2440fb_init_registers(fbinfo);
/*初始化完寄存器后,开始检查fb_info中的可变参数,其定义在后面讲到*/
my2440fb_check_var(fbinfo);
/*申请帧缓冲设备fb_info的显示缓冲区空间,其定义在后面讲到*/
ret = my2440fb_map_video_memory(fbinfo);
if (ret)
{
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to allocate video RAM: %d\n", ret);
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto err_nofb;
}
/*最后,注册这个帧缓冲设备fb_info到系统中, register_framebuffer定义在fb.h中在fbmem.c中实现*/
ret = register_framebuffer(fbinfo);
if (ret < 0)
{
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to register framebuffer device: %d\n", ret);
goto err_video_nomem;
}
/*对设备文件系统的支持(对设备文件系统的理解请参阅:嵌入式Linux之我行——设备文件系统剖析与使用)
创建frambuffer设备文件,device_create_file定义在linux/device.h中*/
ret = device_create_file(&pdev->dev, &dev_attr_debug);
if (ret)
{
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "failed to add debug attribute\n");
}
return 0;
/*以下是上面错误处理的跳转点*/
err_nomem:
release_resource(fbvar->lcd_mem);
kfree(fbvar->lcd_mem);
err_nomap:
iounmap(fbvar->lcd_base);
err_noclk:
clk_disable(fbvar->lcd_clock);
clk_put(fbvar->lcd_clock);
err_noirq:
free_irq(fbvar->lcd_irq_no, fbvar);
err_nofb:
platform_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
framebuffer_release(fbinfo);
err_video_nomem:
my2440fb_unmap_video_memory(fbinfo);
return ret;
}
/*LCD中断服务程序*/
static irqreturn_t lcd_fb_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = dev_id;
void __iomem *lcd_irq_base;
unsigned long lcdirq;
/*LCD中断挂起寄存器基地址*/
lcd_irq_base = fbvar->lcd_base + S3C2410_LCDINTBASE;
/*读取LCD中断挂起寄存器的值*/
lcdirq = readl(lcd_irq_base + S3C24XX_LCDINTPND);
/*判断是否为中断挂起状态*/
if(lcdirq & S3C2410_LCDINT_FRSYNC)
{
/*填充调色板*/
if (fbvar->palette_ready)
{
my2440fb_write_palette(fbvar);
}
/*设置帧已插入中断请求*/
writel(S3C2410_LCDINT_FRSYNC, lcd_irq_base + S3C24XX_LCDINTPND);
writel(S3C2410_LCDINT_FRSYNC, lcd_irq_base + S3C24XX_LCDSRCPND);
}
return IRQ_HANDLED;
}
/*填充调色板*/
static void my2440fb_write_palette(struct my2440fb_var *fbvar)
{
unsigned int i;
void __iomem *regs = fbvar->lcd_base;
fbvar->palette_ready = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
unsigned long ent = fbvar->palette_buffer[i];
if (ent == PALETTE_BUFF_CLEAR)
{
continue;
}
writel(ent, regs + S3C2410_TFTPAL(i));
if (readw(regs + S3C2410_TFTPAL(i)) == ent)
{
fbvar->palette_buffer[i] = PALETTE_BUFF_CLEAR;
}
else
{
fbvar->palette_ready = 1;
}
}
}
/*LCD各寄存器进行初始化*/
static int my2440fb_init_registers(struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
unsigned long flags;
void __iomem *tpal;
void __iomem *lpcsel;
/*从lcd_fb_probe探测函数设置的私有变量结构体中再获得LCD相关信息的数据*/
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
struct s3c2410fb_mach_info *mach_info = fbvar->dev->platform_data;
/*获得临时调色板寄存器基地址,S3C2410_TPAL宏定义在mach-s3c2410/include/mach/regs-lcd.h中。
注意对于lpcsel这是一个针对三星TFT屏的一个专用寄存器,如果用的不是三星的TFT屏应该不用管它。*/
tpal = fbvar->lcd_base + S3C2410_TPAL;
lpcsel = fbvar->lcd_base + S3C2410_LPCSEL;
/*在修改下面寄存器值之前先屏蔽中断,将中断状态保存到flags中*/
local_irq_save(flags);
/*这里就是在上一篇章中讲到的把IO端口C和D配置成LCD模式*/
modify_gpio(S3C2410_GPCUP, mach_info->gpcup, mach_info->gpcup_mask);
modify_gpio(S3C2410_GPCCON, mach_info->gpccon, mach_info->gpccon_mask);
modify_gpio(S3C2410_GPDUP, mach_info->gpdup, mach_info->gpdup_mask);
modify_gpio(S3C2410_GPDCON, mach_info->gpdcon, mach_info->gpdcon_mask);
/*恢复被屏蔽的中断*/
local_irq_restore(flags);
writel(0x00, tpal);/*临时调色板寄存器使能禁止*/
writel(mach_info->lpcsel, lpcsel);/*在上一篇中讲到过,它是三星TFT屏的一个寄存器,这里可以不管*/
return 0;
}
/*该函数实现修改GPIO端口的值,注意第三个参数mask的作用是将要设置的寄存器值先清零*/
static inline void modify_gpio(void __iomem *reg, unsigned long set, unsigned long mask)
{
unsigned long tmp;
tmp = readl(reg) & ~mask;
writel(tmp | set, reg);
}
/*检查fb_info中的可变参数*/
static int my2440fb_check_var(struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
unsigned i;
/*从lcd_fb_probe探测函数设置的平台数据中再获得LCD相关信息的数据*/
struct fb_var_screeninfo *var = &fbinfo->var;/*fb_info中的可变参数*/
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;/*在lcd_fb_probe探测函数中设置的私有结构体数据*/
struct s3c2410fb_mach_info *mach_info = fbvar->dev->platform_data;/*LCD的配置结构体数据,这个配置结构体的赋值在上一篇章的"3. 帧缓冲设备作为平台设备"中*/
struct s3c2410fb_display *display = NULL;
struct s3c2410fb_display *default_display = mach_info->displays + mach_info->default_display;
int type = default_display->type;/*LCD的类型,看上一篇章的"3. 帧缓冲设备作为平台设备"中的type赋值是TFT类型*/
/*验证X/Y解析度*/
if (var->yres == default_display->yres &&
var->xres == default_display->xres &&
var->bits_per_pixel == default_display->bpp)
{
display = default_display;
}
else
{
for (i = 0; i < mach_info->num_displays; i++)
{
if (type == mach_info->displays[i].type &&
var->yres == mach_info->displays[i].yres &&
var->xres == mach_info->displays[i].xres &&
var->bits_per_pixel == mach_info->displays[i].bpp)
{
display = mach_info->displays + i;
break;
}
}
}
if (!display)
{
return -EINVAL;
}
/*配置LCD配置寄存器1中的5-6位(配置成TFT类型)和配置LCD配置寄存器5*/
fbvar->regs.lcdcon1 = display->type;
fbvar->regs.lcdcon5 = display->lcdcon5;
/* 设置屏幕的虚拟解析像素和高度宽度 */
var->xres_virtual = display->xres;
var->yres_virtual = display->yres;
var->height = display->height;
var->width = display->width;
/* 设置时钟像素,行、帧切换值,水平同步、垂直同步长度值 */
var->pixclock = display->pixclock;
var->left_margin = display->left_margin;
var->right_margin = display->right_margin;
var->upper_margin = display->upper_margin;
var->lower_margin = display->lower_margin;
var->vsync_len = display->vsync_len;
var->hsync_len = display->hsync_len;
/*设置透明度*/
var->transp.offset = 0;
var->transp.length = 0;
/*根据色位模式(BPP)来设置可变参数中R、G、B的颜色位域。对于这些参数值的设置请参考CPU数据
手册中"显示缓冲区与显示点对应关系图",例如在上一篇章中我就画出了8BPP和16BPP时的对应关系图*/
switch (var->bits_per_pixel)
{
case 1:
case 2:
case 4:
var->red.offset = 0;
var->red.length = var->bits_per_pixel;
var->green = var->red;
var->blue = var->red;
break;
case 8:/* 8 bpp 332 */
if (display->type != S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT)
{
var->red.length = 3;
var->red.offset = 5;
var->green.length = 3;
var->green.offset = 2;
var->blue.length = 2;
var->blue.offset = 0;
}else{
var->red.offset = 0;
var->red.length = 8;
var->green = var->red;
var->blue = var->red;
}
break;
case 12:/* 12 bpp 444 */
var->red.length = 4;
var->red.offset = 8;
var->green.length = 4;
var->green.offset = 4;
var->blue.length = 4;
var->blue.offset = 0;
break;
case 16:/* 16 bpp */
if (display->lcdcon5 & S3C2410_LCDCON5_FRM565)
{
/* 565 format */
var->red.offset = 11;
var->green.offset = 5;
var->blue.offset = 0;
var->red.length = 5;
var->green.length = 6;
var->blue.length = 5;
} else {
/* 5551 format */
var->red.offset = 11;
var->green.offset = 6;
var->blue.offset = 1;
var->red.length = 5;
var->green.length = 5;
var->blue.length = 5;
}
break;
case 32:/* 24 bpp 888 and 8 dummy */
var->red.length = 8;
var->red.offset = 16;
var->green.length = 8;
var->green.offset = 8;
var->blue.length = 8;
var->blue.offset = 0;
break;
}
return 0;
}
/*申请帧缓冲设备fb_info的显示缓冲区空间*/
static int __init my2440fb_map_video_memory(struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
dma_addr_t map_dma;/*用于保存DMA缓冲区总线地址*/
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;/*获得在lcd_fb_probe探测函数中设置的私有结构体数据*/
unsigned map_size = PAGE_ALIGN(fbinfo->fix.smem_len);/*获得FrameBuffer缓存的大小, PAGE_ALIGN定义在mm.h中*/
/*将分配的一个写合并DMA缓存区设置为LCD屏幕的虚拟地址(对于DMA请参考DMA相关知识)
dma_alloc_writecombine定义在arch/arm/mm/dma-mapping.c中*/
fbinfo->screen_base = dma_alloc_writecombine(fbvar->dev, map_size, &map_dma, GFP_KERNEL);
if (fbinfo->screen_base)
{
/*设置这片DMA缓存区的内容为空*/
memset(fbinfo->screen_base, 0x00, map_size);
/*将DMA缓冲区总线地址设成fb_info不可变参数中framebuffer缓存的开始位置*/
fbinfo->fix.smem_start = map_dma;
}
return fbinfo->screen_base ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
}
/*释放帧缓冲设备fb_info的显示缓冲区空间*/
static inline void my2440fb_unmap_video_memory(struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
unsigned map_size = PAGE_ALIGN(fbinfo->fix.smem_len);
/*跟申请DMA的地方想对应*/
dma_free_writecombine(fbvar->dev, map_size, fbinfo->screen_base, fbinfo->fix.smem_start);
}
/*LCD FrameBuffer设备移除的实现,注意这里使用一个__devexit宏,和lcd_fb_probe接口函数相对应。
在Linux内核中,使用了大量不同的宏来标记具有不同作用的函数和数据结构,这些宏在include/linux/init.h
头文件中定义,编译器通过这些宏可以把代码优化放到合适的内存位置,以减少内存占用和提高内核效率。
__devinit、__devexit就是这些宏之一,在probe()和remove()函数中应该使用__devinit和__devexit宏。
又当remove()函数使用了__devexit宏时,则在驱动结构体中一定要使用__devexit_p宏来引用remove(),
所以在第①步中就用__devexit_p来引用lcd_fb_remove接口函数。*/
static int __devexit lcd_fb_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
struct fb_info *fbinfo = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
/*从系统中注销帧缓冲设备*/
unregister_framebuffer(fbinfo);
/*停止LCD控制器的工作*/
my2440fb_lcd_enable(fbvar, 0);
/*延迟一段时间,因为停止LCD控制器需要一点时间 */
msleep(1);
/*释放帧缓冲设备fb_info的显示缓冲区空间*/
my2440fb_unmap_video_memory(fbinfo);
/*将LCD平台数据清空和释放fb_info空间资源*/
platform_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
framebuffer_release(fbinfo);
/*释放中断资源*/
free_irq(fbvar->lcd_irq_no, fbvar);
/*释放时钟资源*/
if (fbvar->lcd_clock)
{
clk_disable(fbvar->lcd_clock);
clk_put(fbvar->lcd_clock);
fbvar->lcd_clock = NULL;
}
/*释放LCD IO空间映射的虚拟内存空间*/
iounmap(fbvar->lcd_base);
/*释放申请的LCD IO端口所占用的IO空间*/
release_resource(fbvar->lcd_mem);
kfree(fbvar->lcd_mem);
return 0;
}
/*停止LCD控制器的工作*/
static void my2440fb_lcd_enable(struct my2440fb_var *fbvar, int enable)
{
unsigned long flags;
/*在修改下面寄存器值之前先屏蔽中断,将中断状态保存到flags中*/
local_irq_save(flags);
if (enable)
{
fbvar->regs.lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_ENVID;
}
else
{
fbvar->regs.lcdcon1 &= ~S3C2410_LCDCON1_ENVID;
}
writel(fbvar->regs.lcdcon1, fbvar->lcd_base + S3C2410_LCDCON1);
/*恢复被屏蔽的中断*/
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
/*对LCD FrameBuffer平台设备驱动电源管理的支持,CONFIG_PM这个宏定义在内核中*/
#ifdef CONFIG_PM
/*当配置内核时选上电源管理,则平台设备的驱动就支持挂起和恢复功能*/
static int lcd_fb_suspend(struct platform_device *pdev, pm_message_t state)
{
/*挂起LCD设备,注意这里挂起LCD时并没有保存LCD控制器的各种状态,所以在恢复后LCD不会继续显示挂起前的内容
若要继续显示挂起前的内容,则要在这里保存LCD控制器的各种状态,这里就不讲这个了,以后讲到电源管理再讲*/
struct fb_info *fbinfo = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
/*停止LCD控制器的工作*/
my2440fb_lcd_enable(fbvar, 0);
msleep(1);
/*停止时钟*/
clk_disable(fbvar->lcd_clock);
return 0;
}
staticint lcd_fb_resume(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
/*恢复挂起的LCD设备*/
struct fb_info *fbinfo = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
/*开启时钟*/
clk_enable(fbvar->lcd_clock);
/*初始化LCD控制器之前要延迟一段时间*/
msleep(1);
/*恢复时重新初始化LCD各寄存器*/
my2440fb_init_registers(fbinfo);
/*重新激活fb_info中所有的参数配置,该函数定义在第③步中再讲*/
my2440fb_activate_var(fbinfo);
/*正与挂起时讲到的那样,因为没保存挂起时LCD控制器的各种状态,
所以恢复后就让LCD显示空白,该函数定义也在第③步中再讲*/
my2440fb_blank(FB_BLANK_UNBLANK, fbinfo);
return 0;
}
#else
/*如果配置内核时没选上电源管理,则平台设备的驱动就不支持挂起和恢复功能,这两个函数也就无需实现了*/
#define lcd_fb_suspend NULL
#define lcd_fb_resume NULL
#endif
/*Framebuffer底层硬件操作各接口函数*/
static struct fb_ops my2440fb_ops =
{
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.fb_check_var = my2440fb_check_var,/*第②步中已实现*/
.fb_set_par = my2440fb_set_par,/*设置fb_info中的参数,主要是LCD的显示模式*/
.fb_blank = my2440fb_blank,/*显示空白(即:LCD开关控制)*/
.fb_setcolreg = my2440fb_setcolreg,/*设置颜色表*/
/*以下三个函数是可选的,主要是提供fb_console的支持,在内核中已经实现,这里直接调用即可*/
.fb_fillrect = cfb_fillrect,/*定义在drivers/video/cfbfillrect.c中*/
.fb_copyarea = cfb_copyarea,/*定义在drivers/video/cfbcopyarea.c中*/
.fb_imageblit = cfb_imageblit,/*定义在drivers/video/cfbimgblt.c中*/
};
/*设置fb_info中的参数,这里根据用户设置的可变参数var调整固定参数fix*/
static int my2440fb_set_par(struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
/*获得fb_info中的可变参数*/
struct fb_var_screeninfo *var = &fbinfo->var;
/*判断可变参数中的色位模式,根据色位模式来设置色彩模式*/
switch (var->bits_per_pixel)
{
case 32:
case 16:
case 12:/*12BPP时,设置为真彩色(分成红、绿、蓝三基色)*/
fbinfo->fix.visual = FB_VISUAL_TRUECOLOR;
break;
case 1:/*1BPP时,设置为黑白色(分黑、白两种色,FB_VISUAL_MONO01代表黑,FB_VISUAL_MONO10代表白)*/
fbinfo->fix.visual = FB_VISUAL_MONO01;
break;
default:/*默认设置为伪彩色,采用索引颜色显示*/
fbinfo->fix.visual = FB_VISUAL_PSEUDOCOLOR;
break;
}
/*设置fb_info中固定参数中一行的字节数,公式:1行字节数=(1行像素个数*每像素位数BPP)/8 */
fbinfo->fix.line_length = (var->xres_virtual * var->bits_per_pixel) / 8;
/*修改以上参数后,重新激活fb_info中的参数配置(即:使修改后的参数在硬件上生效)*/
my2440fb_activate_var(fbinfo);
return 0;
}
/*重新激活fb_info中的参数配置*/
static void my2440fb_activate_var(struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
/*获得结构体变量*/
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
void __iomem *regs = fbvar->lcd_base;
/*获得fb_info可变参数*/
struct fb_var_screeninfo *var = &fbinfo->var;
/*计算LCD控制寄存器1中的CLKVAL值, 根据数据手册中该寄存器的描述,计算公式如下:
* STN屏:VCLK = HCLK / (CLKVAL * 2), CLKVAL要求>= 2
* TFT屏:VCLK = HCLK / [(CLKVAL + 1) * 2], CLKVAL要求>= 0*/
int clkdiv = my2440fb_calc_pixclk(fbvar, var->pixclock) / 2;
/*获得屏幕的类型*/
int type = fbvar->regs.lcdcon1 & S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT;
if (type == S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT)
{
/*根据数据手册按照TFT屏的要求配置LCD控制寄存器1-5*/
my2440fb_config_tft_lcd_regs(fbinfo, &fbvar->regs);
--clkdiv;
if (clkdiv < 0)
{
clkdiv = 0;
}
}
else
{
/*根据数据手册按照STN屏的要求配置LCD控制寄存器1-5*/
my2440fb_config_stn_lcd_regs(fbinfo, &fbvar->regs);
if (clkdiv < 2)
{
clkdiv = 2;
}
}
/*设置计算的LCD控制寄存器1中的CLKVAL值*/
fbvar->regs.lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_CLKVAL(clkdiv);
/*将各参数值写入LCD控制寄存器1-5中*/
writel(fbvar->regs.lcdcon1 & ~S3C2410_LCDCON1_ENVID, regs + S3C2410_LCDCON1);
writel(fbvar->regs.lcdcon2, regs + S3C2410_LCDCON2);
writel(fbvar->regs.lcdcon3, regs + S3C2410_LCDCON3);
writel(fbvar->regs.lcdcon4, regs + S3C2410_LCDCON4);
writel(fbvar->regs.lcdcon5, regs + S3C2410_LCDCON5);
/*配置帧缓冲起始地址寄存器1-3*/
my2440fb_set_lcdaddr(fbinfo);
fbvar->regs.lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_ENVID,
writel(fbvar->regs.lcdcon1, regs + S3C2410_LCDCON1);
}
/*计算LCD控制寄存器1中的CLKVAL值*/
static unsigned int my2440fb_calc_pixclk(struct my2440fb_var *fbvar, unsigned long pixclk)
{
/*获得LCD的时钟*/
unsigned long clk = clk_get_rate(fbvar->lcd_clock);
/* 像素时钟单位是皮秒,而时钟的单位是赫兹,所以计算公式为:
* Hz -> picoseconds is / 10^-12
*/
unsigned long long div = (unsigned long long)clk * pixclk;
div >>= 12;/* div / 2^12 */
do_div(div, 625 * 625UL * 625); /* div / 5^12, do_div宏定义在asm/div64.h中*/
return div;
}
/*根据数据手册按照TFT屏的要求配置LCD控制寄存器1-5*/
static void my2440fb_config_tft_lcd_regs(const struct fb_info *fbinfo, struct s3c2410fb_hw *regs)
{
const struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
const struct fb_var_screeninfo *var = &fbinfo->var;
/*根据色位模式设置LCD控制寄存器1和5,参考数据手册*/
switch (var->bits_per_pixel)
{
case 1:/*1BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT1BPP;
break;
case 2:/*2BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT2BPP;
break;
case 4:/*4BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT4BPP;
break;
case 8:/*8BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT8BPP;
regs->lcdcon5 |= S3C2410_LCDCON5_BSWP | S3C2410_LCDCON5_FRM565;
regs->lcdcon5 &= ~S3C2410_LCDCON5_HWSWP;
break;
case 16:/*16BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT16BPP;
regs->lcdcon5 &= ~S3C2410_LCDCON5_BSWP;
regs->lcdcon5 |= S3C2410_LCDCON5_HWSWP;
break;
case 32:/*32BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT24BPP;
regs->lcdcon5 &= ~(S3C2410_LCDCON5_BSWP | S3C2410_LCDCON5_HWSWP | S3C2410_LCDCON5_BPP24BL);
break;
default:/*无效的BPP*/
dev_err(fbvar->dev, "invalid bpp %d\n", var->bits_per_pixel);
}
/*设置LCD配置寄存器2、3、4*/
regs->lcdcon2 = S3C2410_LCDCON2_LINEVAL(var->yres - 1) |
S3C2410_LCDCON2_VBPD(var->upper_margin - 1) |
S3C2410_LCDCON2_VFPD(var->lower_margin - 1) |
S3C2410_LCDCON2_VSPW(var->vsync_len - 1);
regs->lcdcon3 = S3C2410_LCDCON3_HBPD(var->right_margin - 1) |
S3C2410_LCDCON3_HFPD(var->left_margin - 1) |
S3C2410_LCDCON3_HOZVAL(var->xres - 1);
regs->lcdcon4 = S3C2410_LCDCON4_HSPW(var->hsync_len - 1);
}
/*根据数据手册按照STN屏的要求配置LCD控制寄存器1-5*/
static void my2440fb_config_stn_lcd_regs(const struct fb_info *fbinfo, struct s3c2410fb_hw *regs)
{
const struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
const struct fb_var_screeninfo *var = &fbinfo->var;
int type = regs->lcdcon1 & ~S3C2410_LCDCON1_TFT;
int hs = var->xres >> 2;
unsigned wdly = (var->left_margin >> 4) - 1;
unsigned wlh = (var->hsync_len >> 4) - 1;
if (type != S3C2410_LCDCON1_STN4)
{
hs >>= 1;
}
/*根据色位模式设置LCD控制寄存器1,参考数据手册*/
switch (var->bits_per_pixel)
{
case 1:/*1BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_STN1BPP;
break;
case 2:/*2BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_STN2GREY;
break;
case 4:/*4BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_STN4GREY;
break;
case 8:/*8BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_STN8BPP;
hs *= 3;
break;
case 12:/*12BPP*/
regs->lcdcon1 |= S3C2410_LCDCON1_STN12BPP;
hs *= 3;
break;
default:/*无效的BPP*/
dev_err(fbvar->dev, "invalid bpp %d\n", var->bits_per_pixel);
}
/*设置LCD配置寄存器2、3、4, 参考数据手册*/
if (wdly > 3) wdly = 3;
if (wlh > 3) wlh = 3;
regs->lcdcon2 = S3C2410_LCDCON2_LINEVAL(var->yres - 1);
regs->lcdcon3 = S3C2410_LCDCON3_WDLY(wdly) |
S3C2410_LCDCON3_LINEBLANK(var->right_margin / 8) |
S3C2410_LCDCON3_HOZVAL(hs - 1);
regs->lcdcon4 = S3C2410_LCDCON4_WLH(wlh);
}
/*配置帧缓冲起始地址寄存器1-3,参考数据手册*/
static void my2440fb_set_lcdaddr(struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
unsigned long saddr1, saddr2, saddr3;
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
void __iomem *regs = fbvar->lcd_base;
saddr1 = fbinfo->fix.smem_start >> 1;
saddr2 = fbinfo->fix.smem_start;
saddr2 += fbinfo->fix.line_length * fbinfo->var.yres;
saddr2 >>= 1;
saddr3 = S3C2410_OFFSIZE(0) | S3C2410_PAGEWIDTH((fbinfo->fix.line_length / 2) & 0x3ff);
writel(saddr1, regs + S3C2410_LCDSADDR1);
writel(saddr2, regs + S3C2410_LCDSADDR2);
writel(saddr3, regs + S3C2410_LCDSADDR3);
}
/*显示空白,blank mode有5种模式,定义在fb.h中,是一个枚举*/
static int my2440fb_blank(int blank_mode, struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
void __iomem *regs = fbvar->lcd_base;
/*根据显示空白的模式来设置LCD是开启还是停止*/
if (blank_mode == FB_BLANK_POWERDOWN)
{
my2440fb_lcd_enable(fbvar, 0);/*在第②步中定义*/
}
else
{
my2440fb_lcd_enable(fbvar, 1);/*在第②步中定义*/
}
/*根据显示空白的模式来控制临时调色板寄存器*/
if (blank_mode == FB_BLANK_UNBLANK)
{
/*临时调色板寄存器无效*/
writel(0x0, regs + S3C2410_TPAL);
}
else
{
/*临时调色板寄存器有效*/
writel(S3C2410_TPAL_EN, regs + S3C2410_TPAL);
}
return 0;
}
/*设置颜色表*/
static int my2440fb_setcolreg(unsigned regno,unsigned red,unsigned green,unsigned blue,unsigned transp,struct fb_info *fbinfo)
{
unsigned int val;
struct my2440fb_var *fbvar = fbinfo->par;
void __iomem *regs = fbvar->lcd_base;
switch (fbinfo->fix.visual)
{
case FB_VISUAL_TRUECOLOR:
/*真彩色*/
if (regno < 16)
{
u32 *pal = fbinfo->pseudo_palette;
val = chan_to_field(red, &fbinfo->var.red);
val |= chan_to_field(green, &fbinfo->var.green);
val |= chan_to_field(blue, &fbinfo->var.blue);
pal[regno] = val;
}
break;
case FB_VISUAL_PSEUDOCOLOR:
/*伪彩色*/
if (regno < 256)
{
val = (red >> 0) & 0xf800;
val |= (green >> 5) & 0x07e0;
val |= (blue >> 11) & 0x001f;
writel(val, regs + S3C2410_TFTPAL(regno));
/*修改调色板*/
schedule_palette_update(fbvar, regno, val);
}
break;
default:
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
static inline unsigned int chan_to_field(unsigned int chan, struct fb_bitfield *bf)
{
chan &= 0xffff;
chan >>= 16 - bf->length;
return chan << bf->offset;
}
/*修改调色板*/
static void schedule_palette_update(struct my2440fb_var *fbvar, unsigned int regno, unsigned int val)
{
unsigned long flags;
unsigned long irqen;
/*LCD中断挂起寄存器基地址*/
void __iomem *lcd_irq_base = fbvar->lcd_base + S3C2410_LCDINTBASE;
/*在修改中断寄存器值之前先屏蔽中断,将中断状态保存到flags中*/
local_irq_save(flags);
fbvar->palette_buffer[regno] = val;
/*判断调色板是否准备就像*/
if (!fbvar->palette_ready)
{
fbvar->palette_ready = 1;
/*使能中断屏蔽寄存器*/
irqen = readl(lcd_irq_base + S3C24XX_LCDINTMSK);
irqen &= ~S3C2410_LCDINT_FRSYNC;
writel(irqen, lcd_irq_base + S3C24XX_LCDINTMSK);
}
/*恢复被屏蔽的中断*/
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
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