51单片机实现矩阵键盘的组合按键触发

一、使用proteus绘制简单的电路图，用于后续仿真

二、编写程序

/********************************************************************************************************************

---- @Project: Matrix-KEY

---- @File: main.c

---- @Edit: ZHQ

---- @Version: V1.0

---- @CreationTime: 20200514

---- @ModifiedTime: 20200514

---- @Description: 16个按键中，每按一个按键都能触发一次蜂鸣器发出“滴”的一声。在同时按下S1和S16按键时，将会点亮一个LED灯。在同时按下S4和S13按键时，将会熄灭一个LED灯。

---- 单片机：AT89C52

********************************************************************************************************************/

#include "reg52.h"

/*——————宏定义——————*/

#define FOSC 11059200L

#define T1MS (65536-FOSC/12/1000)   /*1ms timer calculation method in 12Tmode*/

#define const_voice_short  80   /*蜂鸣器短叫的持续时间*/

/* 

*  注意：组合按键的去抖动延时const_key_time_comb千万不能等于单击按键

*  的去抖动延时const_key_time，否则组合按键会覆盖单击按键的触发。

*/

#define const_key_time  24    /*按键去抖动延时的时间*/

#define const_key_time_comb  28    /*组合按键去抖动延时的时间*/

/*——————变量函数定义及声明——————*/

/*行*/

sbit Key1 = P0^0; /*第一行输入*/

sbit Key2 = P0^1; /*第二行输入*/

sbit Key3 = P0^2; /*第三行输入*/

sbit Key4 = P0^3; /*第四行输入*/

/*列*/

sbit Key5 = P0^4; /*第一列输入*/

sbit Key6 = P0^5; /*第二列输入*/

sbit Key7 = P0^6; /*第三列输入*/

sbit Key8 = P0^7; /*第四列输入*/

/*定义蜂鸣器*/

sbit BUZZER = P2^7;

/*LED灯*/

sbit LED = P3^5;

unsigned char ucKeyStep = 1;   /*按键扫描步骤变量*/

unsigned char ucKeySec = 0;   /*被触发的按键编号*/

unsigned int  uiKeyTimeCnt[16] = 0; /*16个按键去抖动延时计数器*/

unsigned char ucKeyLock[16] = 0; /*16按键触发后自锁的变量标志*/

unsigned int  uiKeyTimeCnt_01_16 = 0; /*S1和S16组合按键去抖动延时计数器*/

unsigned char ucKeyLock_01_16 = 0; /*S1和S16组合按键触发后自锁的变量标志*/

unsigned int  uiKeyTimeCnt_04_13 = 0; /*S4和S13组合按键去抖动延时计数器*/

unsigned char ucKeyLock_04_13 = 0; /*S4和S13组合按键触发后自锁的变量标志*/

unsigned char ucRowRecord = 1; /*记录当前扫描到第几列了*/

unsigned int  uiVoiceCnt = 0;  /*蜂鸣器鸣叫的持续时间计数器*/

unsigned int uiKeyStatus = 0xffff; /*此变量每一位代表一个按键的状态，共16个按键。1代表没有被按下，0代表被按下。*/

/**

* @brief  定时器0初始化函数

* @param  无

* @retval 初始化T0

**/

void Init_T0(void)

{

TMOD = 0x01;                    /*set timer0 as mode1 (16-bit)*/

TL0 = T1MS;                     /*initial timer0 low byte*/

TH0 = T1MS >> 8;                /*initial timer0 high byte*/

}

/**

* @brief  外围初始化函数

* @param  无

* @retval 初始化外围

**/

void Init_Peripheral(void)

{

ET0 = 1;/*允许定时中断*/

TR0 = 1;/*启动定时中断*/

EA = 1;/*开总中断*/

}

/**

* @brief  初始化函数

* @param  无

* @retval 初始化单片机

**/

void Init(void)

{

BUZZER = 1;

LED = 0;

Init_T0();

}

/**

* @brief  扫描按键函数

* @param  无

* @retval 详细过程：

*  第一步：先把16个按键翻译成独立按键。

*  第二步: 再按独立按键的去抖动方式进行按键识别。

**/

void Key_Scan(void)

{

switch(ucKeyStep)

{

case 1: /*把16个按键的状态快速记录在uiKeyStatus变量的每一位中,相当于把矩阵键盘翻译成独立按键。*/

for(ucRowRecord = 1; ucRowRecord < 5; ucRowRecord ++)

{

if(ucRowRecord == 1) /*第一列输出低电平*/

{

Key5 = 0;

Key6 = 1;

Key7 = 1;

Key8 = 1;

/*如果是薄膜按键或者走线比较长的按键，此处应该加几个空延时，等待列输出信号稳定再判断输入的状态*/

if(Key1 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xfffe; /*S1*/

}

if(Key2 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xffef; /*S5*/

}

if(Key3 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xfeff; /*S9*/

}

if(Key4 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xefff; /*S13*/

}

}

else if(ucRowRecord == 2) /*第二列输出低电平*/

{

Key5 = 1;

Key6 = 0;

Key7 = 1;

Key8 = 1;

/*如果是薄膜按键或者走线比较长的按键，此处应该加几个空延时，等待列输出信号稳定再判断输入的状态*/

if(Key1 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xfffd; /*S2*/

}

if(Key2 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xffdf; /*S6*/

}

if(Key3 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xfdff; /*S10*/

}

if(Key4 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xdfff; /*S14*/

}

}

else if(ucRowRecord == 3) /*第三列输出低电平*/

{

Key5 = 1;

Key6 = 1;

Key7 = 0;

Key8 = 1;

/*如果是薄膜按键或者走线比较长的按键，此处应该加几个空延时，等待列输出信号稳定再判断输入的状态*/

if(Key1 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xfffb; /*S3*/

}

if(Key2 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xffbf; /*S7*/

}

if(Key3 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xfbff; /*S11*/

}

if(Key4 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xbfff; /*S15*/

}

}

else /*第四列输出低电平*/

{

Key5 = 1;

Key6 = 1;

Key7 = 1;

Key8 = 0;

/*如果是薄膜按键或者走线比较长的按键，此处应该加几个空延时，等待列输出信号稳定再判断输入的状态*/

if(Key1 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xfff7; /*S4*/

}

if(Key2 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xff7f; /*S8*/

}

if(Key3 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0xf7ff; /*S12*/

}

if(Key4 == 0)

{

uiKeyStatus = uiKeyStatus & 0x7fff; /*S16*/

}

}

}

ucKeyStep = 2; /*切换到下一个运行步骤*/

break;

case 2: /*像独立按键一样进行去抖动和翻译。*/

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0001) == 0x0001) /*说明1号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[0] = 0;

ucKeyLock[0] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[0] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[0] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[0] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[0] = 0;

ucKeyLock[0] =1;

ucKeySec = 1;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0002) == 0x0002) /*说明2号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[1] = 0;

ucKeyLock[1] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[1] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[1] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[1] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[1] = 0;

ucKeyLock[1] =1;

ucKeySec = 2;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0004) == 0x0004) /*说明3号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[2] = 0;

ucKeyLock[2] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[2] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[2] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[2] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[2] = 0;

ucKeyLock[2] =1;

ucKeySec = 3;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0008) == 0x0008) /*说明4号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[3] = 0;

ucKeyLock[3] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[3] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[3] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[3] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[3] = 0;

ucKeyLock[3] =1;

ucKeySec = 4;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0010) == 0x0010) /*说明5号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[4] = 0;

ucKeyLock[4] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[4] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[4] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[4] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[4] = 0;

ucKeyLock[4] =1;

ucKeySec = 5;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0020) == 0x0020) /*说明6号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[5] = 0;

ucKeyLock[5] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[5] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[5] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[5] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[5] = 0;

ucKeyLock[5] =1;

ucKeySec = 6;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0040) == 0x0040) /*说明7号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[6] = 0;

ucKeyLock[6] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[6] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[6] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[6] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[6] = 0;

ucKeyLock[6] =1;

ucKeySec = 7;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0080) == 0x0080) /*说明8号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[7] = 0;

ucKeyLock[7] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[7] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[7] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[7] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[7] = 0;

ucKeyLock[7] =1;

ucKeySec = 8;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0100) == 0x0100) /*说明9号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[8] = 0;

ucKeyLock[8] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[8] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[8] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[8] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[8] = 0;

ucKeyLock[8] =1;

ucKeySec = 9;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0200) == 0x0100) /*说明10号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[9] = 0;

ucKeyLock[9] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[9] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[9] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[9] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[9] = 0;

ucKeyLock[9] =1;

ucKeySec = 10;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0400) == 0x0400) /*说明11号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[10] = 0;

ucKeyLock[10] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[10] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[10] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[10] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[10] = 0;

ucKeyLock[10] =1;

ucKeySec = 11;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x0800) == 0x0800) /*说明12号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[11] = 0;

ucKeyLock[11] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[11] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[11] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[11] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[11] = 0;

ucKeyLock[11] =1;

ucKeySec = 12;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x1000) == 0x1000) /*说明13号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[12] = 0;

ucKeyLock[12] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[12] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[12] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[12] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[12] = 0;

ucKeyLock[12] =1;

ucKeySec = 13;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x2000) == 0x2000) /*说明14号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[13] = 0;

ucKeyLock[13] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[13] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[13] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[13] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[13] = 0;

ucKeyLock[13] =1;

ucKeySec = 14;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x4000) == 0x4000) /*说明15号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[14] = 0;

ucKeyLock[14] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[14] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[14] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[14] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[14] = 0;

ucKeyLock[14] =1;

ucKeySec = 15;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x8000) == 0x8000) /*说明16号键没有被按下来*/

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[15] = 0;

ucKeyLock[15] = 0;

}

else if(ucKeyLock[15] == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[15] ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt[15] > const_key_time)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt[15] = 0;

ucKeyLock[15] =1;

ucKeySec = 16;

}

}

if((uiKeyStatus & 0x8001) == 0x0000) /*S1和S16的组合键盘被按下。*/

{

if(ucKeyLock_01_16 == 0)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt_01_16 ++;

if(uiKeyTimeCnt_01_16 > const_key_time_comb)

{

uiKeyTimeCnt_01_16 = 0;

ucKeyLock_01_16 = 1;

ucKeySec = 17;

}

}

}

else

{

uiKeyTimeCnt_01_16 = 0; /*S1和S16组合按键去抖动延时计数器*/