单片机与计算机通信（上位机）——基于VS2017和stm32

**程序说明：**VSwin32命令控制台程序 调用串口，可以根据自己需要配置串口，完成windows与单片机的数据传输。可作为开发参考使用。

直接先贴代码

//32与单片机通信，差不多成功了

#include   

#include   

#include   

#include

using namespace std;

HANDLE hComm;

OVERLAPPED OverLapped;

COMSTAT Comstat;

DWORD dwCommEvents;

char g_UartRxBuffer[6] = { 0x0d,1,2,3,4,0x0a };

//int g_UartRxBuffer[0] = 0x0d;//

//int g_UartRxBuffer[1] = 99;

//int g_UartRxBuffer[2] = 0;

//int g_UartRxBuffer[3] = 0;

//int g_UartRxBuffer[4] = 99;

//int g_UartRxBuffer[5] = 0x0a;

bool OpenPort();  //打开串口  

bool SetupDCB(int rate_arg);  //设置DCB  

bool SetupTimeout(DWORD ReadInterval, DWORD ReadTotalMultiplier, DWORD

    ReadTotalConstant, DWORD WriteTotalMultiplier, DWORD WriteTotalConstant);   //设置超时  

void ReciveChar();   //接收字符  

bool WriteChar(char* szWriteBuffer, DWORD dwSend);  //发送字符  

bool OpenPort()

{

    hComm = CreateFile(L"COM6",//!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!此处更改com口！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

        GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,

        0,

        0,

        OPEN_EXISTING,

        FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,

        0);

    if (hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

        return FALSE;

    else

        return true;

}

bool SetupDCB(int rate_arg)

{

    DCB dcb;

    memset(&dcb, 0, sizeof(dcb));

    if (!GetCommState(hComm, &dcb))//获取当前DCB配置  

    {

        return FALSE;

    }

    dcb.DCBlength = sizeof(dcb);

    /* ---------- Serial Port Config ------- */

    dcb.BaudRate = rate_arg;

    dcb.Parity = NOPARITY;

    dcb.fParity = 0;

    dcb.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT;

    dcb.ByteSize = 8;

    dcb.fOutxCtsFlow = 0;

    dcb.fOutxDsrFlow = 0;

    dcb.fDtrControl = DTR_CONTROL_DISABLE;

    dcb.fDsrSensitivity = 0;

    dcb.fRtsControl = RTS_CONTROL_DISABLE;

    dcb.fOutX = 0;

    dcb.fInX = 0;

    dcb.fErrorChar = 0;

    dcb.fBinary = 1;

    dcb.fNull = 0;

    dcb.fAbortOnError = 0;

    dcb.wReserved = 0;

    dcb.XonLim = 2;

    dcb.XoffLim = 4;

    dcb.XonChar = 0x13;

    dcb.XoffChar = 0x19;

    dcb.EvtChar = 0;

    if (!SetCommState(hComm, &dcb))

    {

        return false;

    }

    else

        return true;

}

bool SetupTimeout(DWORD ReadInterval, DWORD ReadTotalMultiplier, DWORD

    ReadTotalConstant, DWORD WriteTotalMultiplier, DWORD WriteTotalConstant)

{

    COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts;

    timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = ReadInterval;

    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = ReadTotalConstant;

    timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = ReadTotalMultiplier;

    timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = WriteTotalConstant;

    timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = WriteTotalMultiplier;

    if (!SetCommTimeouts(hComm, &timeouts))

    {

        return false;

    }

    else

        return true;

}

void ReciveChar()

{

    bool bRead = TRUE;

    bool bResult = TRUE;

    DWORD dwError = 0;

    DWORD BytesRead = 0;

    char RXBuff;

    for (;;)

    {

        bResult = ClearCommError(hComm, &dwError, &Comstat);

        if (Comstat.cbInQue == 0)

            continue;

        if (bRead)

        {

            bResult = ReadFile(hComm,  //通信设备（此处为串口）句柄，由CreateFile()返回值得到  

                &RXBuff,  //指向接收缓冲区  

                1,  //指明要从串口中读取的字节数  

                &BytesRead,   //  

                &OverLapped);  //OVERLAPPED结构  

            std::cout << RXBuff << std::endl;

            if (!bResult)

            {

                switch (dwError == GetLastError())

                {

                case ERROR_IO_PENDING:

                    bRead = FALSE;

                    break;

                default:

                    break;

                }

            }

        }

        else

        {

            bRead = TRUE;

        }

    }

    if (!bRead)

    {

        bRead = TRUE;

        bResult = GetOverlappedResult(hComm,

            &OverLapped,

            &BytesRead,

            TRUE);

    }

}

bool WriteChar(char* szWriteBuffer, DWORD dwSend)

{

    bool bWrite = TRUE;

    bool bResult = TRUE;

    DWORD BytesSent = 0;

    HANDLE hWriteEvent = NULL;

    ResetEvent(hWriteEvent);

    if (bWrite)

    {

        OverLapped.Offset = 0;

        OverLapped.OffsetHigh = 0;

        bResult = WriteFile(hComm,  //通信设备句柄，CreateFile()返回值得到  

            szWriteBuffer,  //指向写入数据缓冲区  

            dwSend,  //设置要写的字节数  

            &BytesSent,  //  

            &OverLapped);  //指向异步I/O数据  

        if (!bResult)

        {

            DWORD dwError = GetLastError();

            switch (dwError)

            {

            case ERROR_IO_PENDING:

                BytesSent = 0;

                bWrite = FALSE;

                break;

            default:

                break;

            }

        }

    }

    if (!bWrite)

    {

        bWrite = TRUE;

        bResult = GetOverlappedResult(hComm,

            &OverLapped,

            &BytesSent,

            TRUE);

        if (!bResult)

        {

            std::cout << "GetOverlappedResults() in WriteFile()" << std::endl;

        }

    }

    if (BytesSent != dwSend)

    {

        std::cout << "WARNING: WriteFile() error.. Bytes Sent:" << BytesSent << "; Message Length: " << strlen((char*)szWriteBuffer) << std::endl;

    }

    return TRUE;

}

int main(int argc, char** argv)

{

    if (OpenPort())

        std::cout << "Open port success" << std::endl;

    if (SetupDCB(9600))//!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!此处更改波特率！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

        std::cout << "Set DCB success" << std::endl;

    if (SetupTimeout(0, 0, 0, 0, 0))

        std::cout << "Set timeout success" << std::endl;

    PurgeComm(hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT);

    while (1)

    {

        WriteChar(g_UartRxBuffer, 6);//可以自行设置分部发送

    //  ReciveChar();

        cout <<"正在发送"<< endl;

    }

分析

主要就是下面5个函数构成 

bool OpenPort(); //打开串口

bool SetupDCB(int rate_arg); //设置DCB

bool SetupTimeout(DWORD ReadInterval, DWORD ReadTotalMultiplier, DWORD 

ReadTotalConstant, DWORD WriteTotalMultiplier, DWORD WriteTotalConstant); //设置超时

void ReciveChar(); //接收字符

bool WriteChar(char* szWriteBuffer, DWORD dwSend); //发送字符

一、bool OpenPort(); //打开串口 

里面主要调用了一个CreateFile（）函数 

这个函数的功能是创建或者打开一个文件或者I/O设备，通常使用的I/O形式有文件、文件流、目录、物理磁盘、卷、终端流等。如执行成功，则返回文件句柄。 INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE 表示出错，会设置 GetLastError 。 

函数的声明定义：

　　HANDLE WINAPI CreateFile(

  _In_      LPCTSTR lpFileName,              

  _In_      DWORD dwDesiredAccess,

  _In_      DWORD dwShareMode,

  _In_opt_  LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes,

  _In_      DWORD dwCreationDisposition,

  _In_      DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes,

  _In_opt_  HANDLE hTemplateFile

);

参数列表 

该函数第一个参数那里可以更改串口号