基于PIC24F16KA102单片机的16位MCU开发

本文介绍了PIC24F16KA102主要特性，方框图以及 XLP 16位MCU开发套件主要特性和XLP 16位开发板详细电路图。

Microchip 公司的PIC24F16KA102是极低16位MCU，采用改进型哈佛架构，32MHz时高达16MIPS，带4x PLL选择和多个除法选择的8MHz振荡器，17位x17位单周期硬件乘法器，32位x16位硬件除法器，16位x16位工作寄存器阵列，C编译器，运行模式的功耗低到8uA，深度睡眠模式的功耗为20nA，工作电压1.8V到 3.6V，住要用途包括RF传感器，数据采集器，温度传感器，电子门锁，测量传感器，遥控，安全传感器，智能卡和能量收获等。

PIC24F16KA102主要特性：

Power Management Modes:

• Run – CPU, Flash, SRAM and Peripherals On

• Doze – CPU Clock Runs Slower than Peripherals

• Idle – CPU Off, Flash, SRAM and Peripherals On

• Sleep – CPU, Flash and Peripherals Off and SRAM On

• Deep Sleep – CPU, Flash, SRAM and Most Peripherals Off

- Run mode currents down to 8uA typical

- Idle mode currents down to 2 uA typical

- Deep Sleep mode currents down to 20 nA typical

- RTCC 490 nA, 32 kHz, 1.8V

- Watchdog Timer 350 nA, 1.8V typical

High-Performance CPU:

• Modified Harvard Architecture

• Up to 16 MIPS Operation @ 32 MHz

• 8 MHz Internal Oscillator with 4x PLL Option and Multiple Divide Options

• 17-Bit by 17-Bit Single-Cycle Hardware Multiplier

• 32-Bit by 16-Bit Hardware Divider

• 16-Bit x 16-Bit Working Register Array

• C Compiler Optimized Instruction Set Architecture

Peripheral Features:

• Hardware Real-Time Clock and Calendar (RTCC):

- Provides clock, calendar and alarm functions

- Can run in Deep Sleep Mode

• Programmable Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)

• Serial Communication modules:

- SPI, I2C™ and two UART modules

• Three 16-Bit Timers/Counters with Programmable Prescaler

• 16-Bit Capture Inputs

• 16-Bit Compare/PWM Output

• Configurable Open-Drain Outputs on Digital I/O Pins

• Up to Three External Interrupt Sources

Analog Features:

• 10-Bit, up to 9-Channel Analog-to-Digital Converter:

- 500 ksps conversion rate

- Conversion available during Sleep and Idle

• Dual Analog Comparators with Programmable Input/ Output Configuration

• Charge Time Measurement Unit (CTMU):

- Used for capacitance sensing

- Time measurement, down to 1 ns resolution

- Delay/pulse generation, down to 1 ns resolution

Special Microcontroller Features:

• Operating Voltage Range of 1.8V to 3.6V

• High-Current Sink/Source (18 mA/18 mA) on All I/O Pins

• Flash Program Memory:

- Erase/write cycles: 10,000 minimum

- 40-years’ data retention minimum

• Data EEPROM:

- Erase/write cycles: 100,000 minimum

- 40-years’ data retention minimum

• Fail-Safe Clock Monitor

• System Frequency Range Declaration bits:

- Declaring the frequency range optimizes the current consumption.

• Flexible Watchdog Timer (WDT) with On-Chip,

Low-Power RC Oscillator for Reliable Operation

• In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™) and

In-Circuit Debug (ICD) via two Pins

• Programmable High/Low-Voltage Detect (HLVD)

• Brown-out Reset (BOR):

- Standard BOR with three programmable trip points; can be disabled in Sleep

• Extreme Low-Power DSBOR for Deep Sleep, LPBOR for all other modes

图1。PIC24F16KA102系列通用方框图

图2。PIC24F16KA102系列PIC24F CPU核方框图

XLP 16位开发套件

Microchip Technology’s XLP 16-Bit Development Board Kit provides a low-cost, highly configurable development system for Microchip’s new line of PIC24F 20 and 28-pin Extreme Low-Power (XLP) microcontrollers, including the PIC24F16KA102 and PIC24FJ64GA102 families.

The XLP 16-bit board permits users to explore and evaluate extreme low-power features, and learn low-power software and hardware techniques. Various headers are available to measure both microcontroller and component power consumption. It is flexible, supporting six different power sources over a wide voltage range. It is highly configurable, equipped with a variety of common peripheral components that can be selectively enabled. Finally, it is expandable through its modular interface, providing for the addition of advanced interfaces and connectivity methods.

As provided, the XLP 16-Bit Development Board functions as a demonstration platform on initial power-up. The included demonstration software takes a temperature measurement, datalogs information to the serial data EEPROM and displays information to a host PC via a USB connection. Additional software is provided to demonstrate low-power techniques and IC interface routines.

XLP 16位开发套件主要特性：

The XLP 16-Bit Development Board includes these features:

• Support for both 20-pin and 28-pin versions of both PIC24F J-series and K-series
Flash microcontrollers

• Accommodations for six different power source options

• Configurability for a wide range of operating voltages (1.8V to 5.5V)

• Configuration selection jumpers to disable board components

• A hardware switchable option to control power to board components with port pin

• USB connectivity

• Provisions to add RS-232 transceivers (not populated)

• Five user-defined buttons (3 capacitive touch and 2 push buttons)

• Two user-defined LEDs

• Two temperature sensors

• Potentiometer for analog input or High/Low Voltage Detect (HLVD) reference

• Built-in capability for separately measuring microcontroller and component current
Consumption

• Support for all Microchip compatible programmers and emulators

    
图3。XLP 16位开发套件外形图

图4。XLP 16位开发板电路图（1）：MCU插座和相关元件

图5。XLP 16位开发板电路图（2）：USB/串行接口，EEPROM，温度传感器和28引脚接口

图6。XLP 16位开发板电路图（3）：电源和选择器开关

图7。XLP 16位开发板电路图（4）：其它电路元件