STM32 SD卡_没有加文件系统

下图是万利板子的SD卡部分

其中SD_PWR连接到了 PD10   通过一个控制

P-Channel 2.5-V (G-S) MOSFET 控制SD卡的电源

=====================================================================

SPI模式 读写SD卡

SD卡初始化过程：

1. 初始化STM32的SPI接口 使用低速模式
2. 延时至少74clock
3. 发送CMD0，需要返回0x01，进入Idle状态
4. 循环发送CMD55+ACMD41，直到返回0x00，进入Ready状态
5. 设置读写block大小为512byte 
5. 把STM32的SPI设置为高速模式



读一个block块的过程

1. 发送CMD17（单块）或CMD18（多块）读命令，返回0x00
2. 接收数据开始令牌0xfe + 正式数据512Bytes + CRC 校验2Bytes

写一个block块的过程

1. 发送CMD24（单块）或CMD25（多块）写命令，返回0x00
2. 发送数据开始令牌0xfe + 正式数据512Bytes + CRC校验2Bytes

/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : SD_MMC_SPI_Init
* Description    : SD_MMC_SPI_Init
* Input          : None
* Output         : None
* Return         : zero init success, non-zero init error
*******************************************************************************/
u8 SD_MMC_SPI_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

/* Enable SPI1 and GPIO clocks */
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA |
RCC_APB2Periph_SD_MMC_SPI_CS, ENABLE);

/* Configure SPI1 pins: SCK, MISO and MOSI */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5 | GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

/* Configure SD_MMC_SPI_CS */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = SD_MMC_SPI_CS_Pin_CS;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_Init(SD_MMC_SPI_CS, &GPIO_InitStructure);

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* initialize SPI with lowest frequency */
SD_MMC_Low_Speed();

/* card needs 74 cycles minimum to start up */
for(u8 i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
{
/* wait 8 clock cycles */
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0x00);
}

    /* address card */
SD_MMC_SPI_SELECT();

    /* reset card */
u8 response;
for(u16 i = 0; ; ++i)
{
response = SD_MMC_Send_Command(CMD_GO_IDLE_STATE , 0 );
if( response == 0x01 )
break;

        if(i == 0x1ff)
{
SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();
return 1;
}
}

/* wait for card to get ready */
for(u16 i = 0; ; ++i)
{
response = SD_MMC_Send_Command(CMD_SEND_OP_COND, 0);
if(!(response & (1 << R1_IDLE_STATE)))
break;

        if(i == 0x7fff)
{
SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();
return 1;
}
}

    /* set block size to 512 bytes */
if(SD_MMC_Send_Command(CMD_SET_BLOCKLEN, 512))
{
SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();
return 1;
}

    /* deaddress card */
SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();

    /* switch to highest SPI frequency possible */
SD_MMC_High_Speed();

return 0;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
}
 

/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : SD_MMC_Read_Single_Block
* Description    : SD_MMC_Read_Single_Block
* Input          : sector number and buffer data point
* Output         : None
* Return         : zero success, non-zero error
*******************************************************************************/
u8 SD_MMC_Read_Single_Block(u32 sector, u8* buffer)
{
u8 Response;
u16 i;
u16 Retry = 0;

         //读命令 send read command
Response = SD_MMC_Send_Command(CMD_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK, sector<<9);

        if(Response != 0x00)
return Response;

        SD_MMC_SPI_SELECT();

        // start byte 0xfe
while(SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff) != 0xfe)
{
if(++Retry > 0xfffe)
{
SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();
return 1; //timeout
}
}

        for(i = 0; i < 512; ++i)
{
//读512个数据
*buffer++ = SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff);
}

        SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff); //伪crc
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff); //伪crc

        SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff); // extra 8 CLK

        return 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
* Function Name : SD_MMC_Write_Single_Block
* Description    : SD_MMC_Write_Single_Block
* Input          : sector number and buffer data point
* Output         : None
* Return         : zero success, non-zero error.
*******************************************************************************/
u8 SD_MMC_Write_Single_Block(u32 sector, u8* buffer)
{
u8 Response;
u16 i;
u16 retry=0;

//写命令 send write command
Response = SD_MMC_Send_Command(CMD_WRITE_SINGLE_BLOCK, sector<<9);
if(Response != 0x00)
return Response;

SD_MMC_SPI_SELECT();

SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff);
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff);
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff);

        //发开始符 start byte 0xfe
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xfe);

//送512字节数据 send 512 bytes data
for(i=0; i<512; i++)
{
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(*buffer++);
}

SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff); //dummy crc
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff); //dummy crc

Response = SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff);

//等待是否成功 judge if it successful
if( (Response&0x1f) != 0x05)
{
SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();
return Response;
}
//等待操作完 wait no busy
while(SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff) != 0x00)
{
if(retry++ > 0xfffe)
{
SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();
return 1;
}
}
SD_MMC_SPI_DESELECT();
SD_MMC_ReadWrite_Byte(0xff);// extra 8 CLK

return 0;
}

if( SD_MMC_SPI_Init() ==1)
printf("  _SD_MMC Initialization ERROR\r\n");
else
{
printf("  _SD_MMC Initialization OK\r\n");
//memset(buffer,0,512);
//读取一个扇区的内容 这里读的是0扇区
SD_MMC_Read_Single_Block( 0 , buffer );
Uart1_PutString( buffer , 512 );
}