ARM9：如何将linux2.6.38内核移植到TQ2440

　　下面是linux2.6.38内核移植到TQ2440的具体步骤：

　　1.修改根目录的Makefile中的ARCH=arm，CROSS-COMPILE=arm-linux-

　　2.在arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c中，将163行的s3c24xx_init_clocks(16934400)改为s3c24xx_init_clocks(12000000)。

　　3.修改arch/arm/tools/mach-types中379行的362改为168，因为uboot中定义的机器码是168.

　　4.修改arch/arm/boot/中的Makefile文件，在58行添加@cp -f arch/arm/boot/zImage zImage.bin，实现把生成的zImage文件复制到内核源码根目录下。

　　5.在根目录的Makefile的1164行添加rm -f zImage.bin，使得在执行make distclean在清除产生的文件的同时，把内核根目录下的zImage也清除。

　　6.修改arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/common-smdk.c中111行的static struct mtd_partition smdk_default_nand_part[]的nandflash分区为：

　　[0] = {

　　.name = "Andy_uboot",

　　.offset = 0x00000000,

　　.size = 0x00040000,

　　},

　　[1] = {

　　.name = "Andy_kernel",

　　.offset = 0x00200000,

　　.size = 0x00200000,

　　},

　　[2] = {

　　.name = "Andy_yaffs2",

　　.offset = 0x00400000,

　　.size = 0x0FB80000,

　　}

　　7.修改drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410.c中的839行为chip->ecc.mode=NAND_ECC_NONE;

　　8.修改arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c中100行为.ulcon = 0x03。

　　9.在drivers/serial/samsung.c的51行添加

　　#include

　　#include

　　在433行添加：

　　if (port->line == 2) {

　　s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(6), S3C2410_GPH6_TXD2);

　　s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(6), 1);

　　s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPH(7), S3C2410_GPH7_RXD2);

　　s3c2410_gpio_pullup(S3C2410_GPH(7), 1);

　　}

　　10.用git工具下载最新的yaffs2源代码。

　　具体为在终端输入git clone git://www.aleph1.co.uk/yaffs2下载最新的yaffs2，下

　　载完成给内核打补丁，进入yaffs目录，执行

　　./patch-kernel.sh c m opt/Andy/linux-2.6.38(以自己的内核目录为准),其中的c代表复制，m代表复合类型。

　　11.用make menuconfig配置linux内核。

　　12.执行make zImage，将生成的zImage.bin下载到TQ2440。

　　13.制作文件系统。

　　解压busybox-1.18.4.tar.bz2，修改busybox-1.18.4中的Makefile，在164行和190行分别修改为CROSS-COMPILE=arm-linux-和ARCH=arm。执行make，然后在执行make install。将生成_install复制到根目录，添加文件系统文件，用天嵌提供的mkyaffs2image生成root.bin的可执行文件，下载到开发板。

　　14.启动开发板，打印信息如下：

　　Start Linux ...

　　Copy linux kernel from 0x00200000 to 0x30008000, size = 0x00200000 ... Copy Kernel to SDRAM done,NOW, Booting Linux......

　　Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel.

　　Linux version 2.6.38-Andy (root@Andy) (gcc version 4.3.3 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2009q1-176) ) #15 Fri Apr 8 20:21:42 CST 2011

　　CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177

　　CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache

　　Machine: Andy's TQ2440 development board!

　　ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.

　　Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback

　　CPU S3C2440A (id 0x32440001)

　　S3C24XX Clocks, Copyright 2004 Simtec Electronics

　　S3C244X: core 400.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHz

　　CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on

　　Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 16256

　　Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0

　　PID hash table entries: 256 (order: -2, 1024 bytes)

　　Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)

　　Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)

　　Memory: 64MB = 64MB total

　　Memory: 60896k/60896k available, 4640k reserved, 0K highmem

　　Virtual kernel memory layout:

　　vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB)

　　fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB)

　　DMA : 0xffc00000 - 0xffe00000 ( 2 MB)

　　vmalloc : 0xc4800000 - 0xf6000000 ( 792 MB)

　　lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xc4000000 ( 64 MB)

　　modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xc0000000 ( 16 MB)

　　.init : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0025000 ( 116 kB)

　　.text : 0xc0025000 - 0xc0399000 (3536 kB)

　　.data : 0xc039a000 - 0xc03bac40 ( 132 kB)

　　SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1

　　NR_IRQS:85

　　irq: clearing pending ext status 00080000

　　irq: clearing subpending status 00000003

　　irq: clearing subpending status 00000002

　　Console: colour dummy device 80x30

　　console [ttySAC0] enabled

　　Calibrating delay loop... 199.47 BogoMIPS (lpj=498688)

　　pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301

　　Mount-cache hash table entries: 512

　　CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok

　　gpiochip_add: gpios 288..303 (GPIOK) failed to register

　　gpiochip_add: gpios 320..334 (GPIOL) failed to register

　　gpiochip_add: gpios 352..353 (GPIOM) failed to register

　　NET: Registered protocol family 16

　　S3C2440: Initialising architecture

　　S3C2440: IRQ Support

　　S3C24XX DMA Driver, Copyright 2003-2006 Simtec Electronics

　　DMA channel 0 at c4808000, irq 33

　　DMA channel 1 at c4808040, irq 34

　　DMA channel 2 at c4808080, irq 35

　　DMA channel 3 at c48080c0, irq 36

　　S3C244X: Clock Support, DVS off

　　bio: create slab at 0

　　SCSI subsystem initialized

　　usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs

　　usbcore: registered new interface driver hub

　　usbcore: registered new device driver usb

　　s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: slave address 0x10

　　s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: bus frequency set to 97 KHz

　　s3c-i2c s3c2440-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter

　　Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.23.

　　cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain

　　NET: Registered protocol family 2

　　IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

　　TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)

　　TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)

　　TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)

　　TCP reno registered

　　UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

　　UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

　　NET: Registered protocol family 1

　　RPC: Registered udp transport module.

　　RPC: Registered tcp transport module.

　　RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.

　　msgmni has been set to 118

　　io scheduler noop registered (default)

　　s3c2440-uart.0: ttySAC0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2440

　　s3c2440-uart.1: ttySAC1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2440

　　s3c2440-uart.2: ttySAC2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2440

　　loop: module loaded

　　S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics

　　s3c24xx-nand s3c2440-nand: Tacls=2, 20ns Twrph0=6 60ns, Twrph1=2 20ns

　　s3c24xx-nand s3c2440-nand: NAND ECC disabled

　　NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0xda (Samsung NAND 256MiB 3,3V 8-bit)

　　NAND_ECC_NONE selected by board driver. This is not recommended !!

　　Scanning device for bad blocks

　　Bad eraseblock 62 at 0x0000007c0000

　　Bad eraseblock 1435 at 0x00000b360000

　　cmdlinepart partition parsing not available

　　Creating 3 MTD partitions on "NAND":

　　0x000000000000-0x000000040000 : "Andy_uboot"

　　0x000000200000-0x000000400000 : "Andy_kernel"

　　0x000000400000-0x00000ff80000 : "Andy_yaffs2"

　　dm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.31

　　Now use the default MAC address: 10:23:45:67:89:ab

　　eth0: dm9000e at c4810000,c4814004 IRQ 51 MAC: 10:23:45:67:89:ab (EmbedSky)

　　ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver

　　s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI

　　s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1

　　s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000

　　usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001

　　usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1

　　usb usb1: Product: S3C24XX OHCI

　　usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 2.6.38-Andy ohci_hcd

　　usb usb1: SerialNumber: s3c24xx

　　hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found

　　hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected

　　Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...

　　usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage

　　USB Mass Storage support registered.

　　usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial

　　usbserial: USB Serial Driver core

　　USB Serial support registered for pl2303

　　usbcore: registered new interface driver pl2303

　　pl2303: Prolific PL2303 USB to serial adaptor driver

　　s3c2410_udc: debugfs dir creation failed -19

　　mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice

　　S3C24XX RTC, (c) 2004,2006 Simtec Electronics

　　s3c-rtc s3c2410-rtc: rtc disabled, re-enabling

　　s3c-rtc s3c2410-rtc: rtc core: registered s3c as rtc0

　　i2c /dev entries driver

　　S3C2410 Watchdog Timer, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics

　　s3c2410-wdt s3c2410-wdt: watchdog inactive, reset disabled, irq enabled

　　usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid

　　usbhid: USB HID core driver

　　ALSA device list:

　　No soundcards found.

　　TCP cubic registered

　　lib80211: common routines for IEEE802.11 drivers

　　s3c-rtc s3c2410-rtc: setting system clock to 2000-01-02 00:47:19 UTC (946774039)

　　yaffs: dev is 32505858 name is "mtdblock2" rw

　　yaffs: passed flags ""

　　VFS: Mounted root (yaffs filesystem) on device 31:2.

　　Freeing init memory: 116K

　　Please press Enter to activate this console.

　　移植过程中产生的问题及其解决方法将在下一节说明。还有一些驱动没有移植。继续努力!